External quality control assessment results of iodine deficiency disorders laboratory in Qinghai Province in 2021 / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To analyze the external quality control assessment results of urinary iodine, salt iodine and water iodine in iodine deficiency disorders laboratories in Qinghai Province, to evaluate the testing capacity of provincial, municipal and county-level laboratories and the operation of external quality control network, so as to provide quality assurance for consolidating and eliminating iodine deficiency disorders.Methods:In 2021, 1 provincial, 8 municipal, and 43 county-level laboratories in Qinghai Province had participated in the assessment of urinary iodine and salt iodine, while 1 provincial and 8 municipal-level laboratories had participated in the assessment of water iodine. The assessment results were evaluated using the method of reference value ± uncertainty of external quality control samples.Results:All laboratories that participated in the assessment had provided feedback. One provincial-level laboratory passed the assessment of urinary iodine, salt iodine, and water iodine. Among 8 municipal-level laboratories, 2 laboratories failed the urinary iodine assessment, with a pass rate of 6/8; the assessment of salt iodine and water iodine in 8 laboratories were all qualified. Among 43 county-level laboratories, 7 laboratories failed the urinary iodine assessment, with a pass rate of 83.7% (36/43); the assessment of salt iodine in 43 laboratories were all qualified.Conclusions:The external quality control network of iodine deficiency disorders laboratories in Qinghai Province has fully covered all municipal and county-level laboratories. The testing capability of provincial-level laboratory is stable and maintains a high level; the testing quality of some municipal and county-level laboratories is still unstable and needs to be further strengthened.

Iodine nutritional status and intelligence level of children in Nangqian County, Qinghai Province after 9 years of iodine supplemention / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To follow up the iodine nutrition and intellectual development of school children aged 8-10 years old in Nangqian County of Qinghai Province after 9 years of the implementation of iodine deficiency disorders intervention measures with iodine supplement as the main measure.Methods:In order to improve the iodine nutritional status of the population in Nangqian County, free iodized salt distribution, health education and other intervention measures for iodine deficiency disorders were implemented for 9 consecutive years since 2013. In May 2012 (before iodine supplementation) and September 2021 (after iodine supplementation), the same 5 townships (towns) were selected, and children aged 8-10 years old (half male and half female, age balanced) born locally in the central primary school of each township (town) were selected as the survey subjects. Household edible salt samples and random urine samples were collected for salt iodine and urinary iodine detection; the second revised version of the Chinese Combined Raven's Test (rural version) was used to assess the intelligence quotient (IQ) of children. The Flynn effect (FE) gain was used to adjust IQ, the corrected IQ = (IQ starting point value - current year's IQ value) - FE gain (calculated by 0.74/year). The differences of salt iodine and urinary iodine related indexes, IQ value and corrected IQ were compared before and after iodine supplementation.Results:After iodine supplementation, the coverage rate of iodized salt reached 100.00% (300/300), and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt reached95.00% (285/300), the median urinary iodine increased to 157.20 μg/L, and all indexes met the elimination standard of iodine deficiency disorders. The IQ value of children aged 8-10 years old after iodine supplementation was 99.00 ± 14.90, significantly higher than that before iodine supplementation (82.00 ± 13.20, F = 156.82, P < 0.001). The FE gain in 9 years was 6.66, and the actual IQ gain of children aged 8-10 years old after iodine supplementation was 10.34. There were statistically significant differences in IQ value before and after iodine supplementation in male and female children ( F = 78.84, 78.88, P < 0.001). After iodine supplementation, there was a statistically significant difference in IQ value between children in the 8-year-old group and the 10-year-old group ( P = 0.010). There were statistically significant differences in IQ value before and after iodine supplementation in 8, 9 and 10 years old groups ( F = 55.23, 65.79, 36.85, P < 0.001). Conclusion:Intervention measures for iodine deficiency disorders, mainly iodine supplement, can significantly improve the iodine nutrition status of children aged 8-10 years old, and significantly promote the intellectual development of children.

Construction of narrative nursing intervention program for patients with advanced lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy based on the theory of meaning in life / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To construct a narrative nursing intervention program for patients with advanced lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy based on the meaning in life theory, so as to alleviate the negative psychology of patients and improve the meaning in life of patients.Methods:Using a mixed research design, based on the literature study and qualitative interview, the first draft of narrative nursing intervention program for patients with advanced lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy was constructed based on the theory of meaning in life. From June to September 2021, the Delphi method was used to conduct 2 rounds experts consultations among 15 experts from 8 hospitals, and the items were revised according to the expert′s advice.Results:The experts positive coefficients of the 2 rounds consultations were 83.33% and 100.00%, the expert authority coefficient was 0.88, and the Kendall coefficients of importance were 0.183 and 0.215, and the operational Kendall coefficients were 0.234 and 0.363. Finally, a narrative nursing intervention program for lung cancer patients based on the theory of meaning in life was formed. It included four modules: narrative theme, narrative content, narrative interview outline and homework assignment/auxiliary measures. It was performed 7 times in each chemotherapy cycle.Conclusions:The construction process of narrative nursing intervention program for patients with advanced lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy based on the theory of meaning in life is rigorous, scientific and practical and can be used to guide clinical psychological nursing intervention for patients with advanced diseases and enrich the way to seek the meaning in life of patients

Repairing Diabetic Wounds with Polysaccharides from Traditional Chinese Medicines： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

As of 2020， there are more than 120 million diabetic patients in China. Diabetic wounds is one of the common complications of diabetes with increasing incidence and has the potential to cause disability and mortality. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has a long history in treating diabetic wounds， demonstrating significant efficacy and safety. In recent years， increasing researchers have explored the mechanisms of polysaccharides from TCM in the repair of diabetic wounds. Polysaccharides are the main active ingredients of TCM and employ one or more blood sugar-lowering mechanisms. However， most studies focus on the repair mechanism of single polysaccharides， and there is little in-depth discussion and summary. To provide a new therapy for diabetic wounds， which meets international standards and has the characteristics of TCM， and provide reference for the clinical treatment of diabetic wounds， we reviewed relevant literature to summarize the mechanisms of TCM polysaccharides in treating diabetic wounds. The mechanisms include inhibiting inflammation to improve wound microenvironment， lowering blood sugar， promoting fibroblast migration and proliferation， regulating wound growth factor to promote angiogenesis， inhibiting oxidative stress response， and regulating immune function. Finally， we put forward some possible research directions in the future.

The effect of narrative nursing on the meaning and quality of life in chemotherapy patients with advanced lung cancer / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To explore the impact of narrative nursing on the meaning and quality of life in chemotherapy patients with advanced lung cancer.Methods:A total of 86 chemotherapy patients with advanced lung cancer hospitalized in the Oncology Department of Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University from October 2020 to November 2021 were selected and divided into control group with 42 cases and narrative group with 44 cases by random number table method. The control group was treated with routine nursing of patients with tumor chemotherapy while the narrative group was implemented on narrative nursing intervention as well as routine nursing. A total of 12 to 14 times, each chemotherapy period was 7 times. The effect of the intervention was assessed by Meaning in Life Scale for Advanced Cancer Patients (MiLS)、Chinese Version of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Lung(FACT-L 4.0) and Distress Thermometer (DT) before intervention, 1 week, 3 weeks and 2 months after intervention.Results:Forty cases in the control group and 42 cases in the narrative group were involved in the statistical analysis. Two months after intervention, the total score of MiLS, the score of the will to search for meaning, the meaning of life and satisfaction,existential frustration, life control, suffering tolerance and death acceptance in the control group were (98.60 ± 9.17), (14.90 ± 1.91), (13.38 ±2.62), (16.40 ± 2.73), (26.48 ± 3.19), (14.30 ± 1.68), (13.15 ± 3.07) points, which were significantly lower than those in the narrative group (112.02 ± 9.73), (16.45 ± 2.24), (16.31 ± 1.96), (19.40 ± 2.42), (28.76 ±3.48), (16.14 ± 1.82), (14.95 ± 2.39) points, and the difference were statistically significant ( t value were -6.42 --2.98, all P<0.01), and the main effect between groups and time were statistically significant ( F values were 2.76-24.47, all P<0.05). Two months after intervention, the total score of FACT-L, social/family status, emotional status, functional status and lung cancer specific module in control group were (90.75 ± 11.65), (18.58 ± 3.75), (15.65 ± 3.85), (13.48 ± 3.34), (22.00 ± 4.93) points, which were lower than those in the narrative group (102.12 ± 9.32), (20.36 ± 4.29), (18.10 ± 3.25), (16.74 ± 4.05), (24.80 ±3.83) points, the differences were statistically significant ( t values were-4.89--1.99, all P<0.05), and there was intergroup effect ( F values were 5.14-24.47, all P<0.05). Three weeks and 2 months after intervention, the psychological distress score of control group were (3.88 ± 2.73), (3.60 ± 2.19) points, which were significantly higher than the narrative group (2.52 ± 2.18), (1.90 ± 1.78) points, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=2.50, 3.85, both P<0.05), with a time, groups, interaction effect ( F=15.29, 15.86, 2.80, all P<0.05). Conclusions:Narrative nursing can effectively improve the meaning and quality of life and relieve psychological distress in chemotherapy patients with advanced lung cancer. It is worthy of clinical promotion.

Excessive iodine promotes the occurrence and development of experimental autoimmune thyroiditis in mice through p38 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To investigate the molecular mechanism of excessive iodine induced experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (EAT) in mice.Methods:Sixty female non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice were selected and divided into 5 groups according to body weight [(25 ± 3) g] via the random number table method, with 12 mice in each group: control group (group A), 10-fold high iodine group (group B), 100-fold high iodine group (group C), 1 000-fold high iodine group (group D) and 1 000-fold high iodine combined with polyinosinic acid-polycytidylic acid [Poly (I:C)] group (group E). The experiment period was 16 weeks. Mice in each group drank purified water with sodium iodine (NaI) content of 0.000, 0.005, 0.050, 0.500 and 0.500 mg/L, respectively; mice in group E were intraperitoneally injected with Poly (I:C) at week 7 and week 15, respectively. At the end of the 16th week, mice were dissected and blood samples and thyroid tissue were taken. The levels of serum thyroid function indexes [thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT 3), free thyroxine (FT 4), and thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb)] were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); the pathological changes of thyroid tissue were observed after hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining; differentially expressed genes in thyroid tissue were detected by RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq), and analyzed by KEGG pathway; mRNA and protein levels of p38, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and chemokine 10 (CXCL10) in thyroid tissue were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR) and Western blotting, respectively. Results:There were statistically significant differences in serum levels of TSH (ng/ml: 6.53 ± 0.86, 6.61 ± 0.82, 7.68 ± 0.55, 7.93 ± 0.60, 8.73 ± 1.60), FT 3 (pg/ml: 59.35 ± 10.16, 53.73 ± 10.96, 46.19 ± 8.03, 41.01 ± 8.67, 34.21 ± 11.75), FT 4 (pg/ml: 136.74 ± 10.06, 124.33 ± 14.34, 101.80 ± 6.78, 91.37 ± 6.75, 73.29 ± 17.31), and TPOAb (U/ml: 130.81 ± 24.53, 145.47 ± 28.89, 166.52 ± 41.59, 199.78 ± 42.19, 201.99 ± 44.03) among the 5 groups of mice ( F = 4.77, 4.96, 23.12, 3.68, P < 0.05). Compared with group A, the serum TSH levels of mice in groups C, D and E were higher, the levels of FT 3 and FT 4 in groups B, C, D and E were lower, and the levels of TPOAb in groups D and E were higher, and the differences were statistically significant ( P < 0.05). HE staining showed that the thyroid follicle lesion in groups D and E was serious, and the EAT phenotype appeared in both groups. The differentially expressed genes were analyzed by KEGG pathway. Compared with group A, 8 metabolic pathways related to thyroid autoimmunity and inflammation were found in groups B, C, D and E. Further analysis found that 3 genes appeared in multiple pathways, namely p38, ICAM-1 and CXCL10. There were significant differences in the mRNA levels of p38, ICAM-1 and CXCL10 in thyroid tissue of the 5 groups of mice ( F = 14.77, 12.76, 16.39, P < 0.05); compared with group A, the mRNA levels of p38 in groups B, C, D and E were higher, and the mRNA levels of ICAM-1 and CXCL10 in groups C, D and E were higher ( P < 0.05). There were significant differences in the protein levels of p38, ICAM-1 and CXCL10 in thyroid tissue of the 5 groups of mice ( F = 7.97, 73.86, 18.02, P < 0.05); compared with group A, the protein levels of ICAM-1 and CXCL10 in groups B, C, D and E were higher ( P < 0.05). Conclusion:Excessive iodine promotes the occurrence and development of EAT in mice by up-regulating the expressions of p38 and ICAM-1 genes that are closely related to thyroid autoimmune and inflammatory responses.

Qualitative study on the meaning of life in patients with advanced lung cancer / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To explore the meaning of life in patients with advanced lung cancer.Methods:A total of 21 patients with advanced lung cancer who were hospitalized in the Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Tongji University from April 2018 to July 2018 were selected for in-depth interviews using qualitative research method, and the collected data were analyzed with the Colaizzi 7-step Colaizzi method.Results:Three dimensions, seven themes were extracted. The core of the meaning of life was "self-iteration", which included the two themes of self-recognition and cherishing life; the existence form of the meaning of life was "you-wei", which included the two themes of self-reliance and altruismin; the meaning of life was embodied in three levels: life -reviewing, including gratitude, stigma and avoidance; cherishing the present, including using the support system, active response, independence and integrity; confronting the future, including accompanying relatives, preparing for death, living with high quality of life.Conclusions:Medical care providers and family members can provide targeted professional guidance and psychological support according to the characteristics of patients to help them discover the meaning of life, thereby enhancing their sense of meaning of life, improving the quality of life, and achieving a good end.

Validation of the revised method of the standard test method for iodine in water-cerium sulfate catalytic spectrophotometry / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To verify the revised method of cerium sulfate catalytic spectrophotometry for iodide index of "Standard Examination Methods for Drinking Water-Nonmetal Parameters" (GB/T 5750.5-2006).Methods:From July to September 2019, the Laboratory of Department for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control of Qinghai Institute for Disease Prevention and Control verified the revised method (determination of iodide in drinking water by cerium sulfate catalytic spectrophotometry) of cerium sulfate catalytic spectrophotometry (hereinafter referred to as original method) in "Standard Examination Methods for Drinking Water-Nonmetal Parameters" (GB/T 5750.5-2006). The revised method was verified according to the requirements of "Standard Examination Methods for Drinking Water-Water Analysis Quality Control" (GB/T 5750.3-2006), including standard curve, detection limit, precision, accuracy and actual sample determination.Results:The linear range of the revised method was 0 - 20.0 μg/L, the correlation coefficient was - 0.999 4 - 0.999 8, and the detection limit was 0.231 μg/L. The relative standard deviation ( RSD) of low, medium and high iodine water samples of 6 times detection ranged from 1.4% to 9.6%, and the recoveries of low and medium water samples ranged from 89.0% to 108.0%. The detection results of national first-class reference materials for iodine composition analysis in water were within the range of standard value ± uncertainty. There was no significant difference in the test of results of 12 tap water samples between the revised method and the original standard method ( t = - 0.075, P > 0.05). Conclusion:The revised method has a good linear relationship of standard curve, high precision and accuracy, and good reproducibility, is simple and easy to operate, and is suitable for promotion and application.

Immunosuppressant mycophenolic acid biosynthesis employs a new globin-like enzyme for prenyl side chain cleavage

Mycophenolic acid (MPA, ) and its derivatives are first-line immunosuppressants used in organ transplantation and for treating autoimmune diseases. Despite chemical synthetic achievements, the biosynthetic formation of a seven-carbon carboxylic acid pharmacophore side chain of , especially the processes involving the cleavage of the prenyl side chain between DHMP () and DMMPA (), remains unknown. In this work, we identified a membrane-bound prenyltransferase, PgMpaA, that transfers FPP to to yield FDHMP (). Compound undergoes the first cleavage step a new globin-like enzyme PgMpaB to form a cryptic intermediate . Heterologous expression of genes in demonstrates that the second cleavage step (from to ) of is a cluster-independent process . Our results, especially the discovery of the broad tolerance of substrates recognized by PgMpaB, set up a strategy for the formation of "pseudo-isopentenyl" natural products using fungal globin-like enzymes.

Analysis of prevalence of body weight control behavior among middle school students, in Jiangsu, 2017 / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the prevalence of body weight control behaviors (BWCB) among middle school students in Jiangsu province. @*Methods@#The database was established part from the surveillance of adolescent common disease and health related factors in Jiangsu province in 2017 and analysis were carried out to describe the prevalence rates of four basic BWCB and their comorbidity.@*Results@#Among 18 855 investigators, 75.8% middle school students reported having taken at least one kind of BWCB within 30 days before investigation, the report rates of BWCB of middle school students among male and female were 77.3% and 74.3%(P<0.01), showed decreasing tendency from grade 1 of junior middle school to grade 3 of senior middle school (Kendall’s tau-c=-0.10, P<0.01), those of malnutrition, normal body weight, overweight and obesity were 57.2%, 72.8%, 83.8%, 86.7% respectively and showed increasing tendency(Kendall’s tau-c=0.13, P<0.01). Reported rate of Changing diet structure, physical exercise, reducing diet and taking slimming drug prevalence were 58.7%, 61.0%, 17.9%, 2.6%, orderly. There are 15 combinations of BWCB based on those 4 kinds of behavior. In the highest five types list ,changing diet structure & physical exercise (35.2%) was the most common type, and followed by physical exercise(13.0%), Changing diet structure(9.2%), Changing diet structure & physical exercise & reducing diet(8.6%), Changing diet structure & physical exercise & reducing diet(3.4%), others 6.5%. The proportions of top five kinds of BWCB among middle school students taken BWCB were 46.4%, 17.1%, 12.2%, 11.3%, 4.5%, respectively, accounting for 91.5%. The probabilities of different types of BWCB were similar between urban and town(χ2=9.13, P=0.10), different among sex(χ2=351.17, P<0.01), districts(χ2=140.20, P<0.01), school type and nutrition status(χ2=343.95, 309.62, P<0.01).@*Conclusion@#Some overweight or obesity students report on control body weight, while some report taking medicine and reducing diet behavior. Health education on healthy body weight should be implemented for middle school students to cultivate healthy body image so as to keep healthy body weight.

Research progress on the type Ⅸ secretion system of Porphyromonas gingivalis / 华西口腔医学杂志

In recent years, the study found that Porphyromonas gingivalis type Ⅸ secretion system (T9SS) is a novel protein secretion system, also known as Por secretion system (PorSS). Unlike the eight protein secretion systems found in the past, the system is a polyprotein complex found only in Bacteroides. The secreted proteins have both N- and C-terminus, where the former includes Sec-dependent type Ⅰ signals peptide, and the latter contains conserved domains (C-terminal conserved domain, CTD). Porphyromonas gingivalis T9SS includes proteins such as intima, outer membrane, cytoplasm, and cell cycle, including at least 34 proteins containing CTD. Porphyromonas gingivalis T9SS is involved in regulating associated virulence factors including gingivin, fimbriae, lipopolysaccharide, HBP35, CPG70 protein and peptidyl-arginine deiminase. These CTD-containing virulence proteins are localized by T9SS and then released to the extracellular domain, thereby destroying periodontal tissue. Therefore, this review summarizes the research progress on the T9SS of Porphyromonas gingivalis.

Relationship between allergic factors and eosinophilic nasal polyps / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effects of allergic factores in eosinophilic nasal polyps.@*METHOD@#Clinical characters of 67 eosinophilic nasal polyps patients and 26 lymphocyte nasal polyps patients were restrospeetively analyzed. Allergic factors, allergens and nasal anatomic variations were compared between two groups.@*RESULT@#Allergic factors are proned to present in eosinophilic nasal polyps group compared with lymphocyte nasal polyps group; The positive rates of allergen skin test between eosinophilic nasal polyps group and lymphocyte nasal polyps group showed significant difference; Allergens in eosinophilic nasal polyps group are different from lymphocyte nasal polyps group; Nasal anatomic variations are different between two groups.@*CONCLUSION@#Different pathogenesis maybe exist in different pathological type nasal polyps. Allergic factors are closely relative to eosinophilic nasal polyps and nasal anatomic variations play a more important role in the formation of lymhocyte nasal polyps.

Research on the tabular condition assessment system in the application of early warning of severe hand, foot and mouth disease / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To explore the tabular condition assessment methods in the role of early warning of children with severe hand, foot and mouth disease. Methods A total of 267 patients in observation group were evaluated by the disease assessment scale of hospitalized children with hand, foot and mouth disease and the risk assessment form of severe children with hand, foot and mouth disease to early indentify the severe and give intervention treatment. And the 243 patients in control group were evaluated by the empirical method. The incidence of severe cases and the incidence of complications were compared between two groups. Results The incidence of severe cases was 3.00%(8/267) in observation group and 17.70%(43/243) in control group, and there was significant difference between two groups, χ2=30.970,P<0.01. The incidence of total complications was 9.74%(26/267) in observation group and 32.51%(79/243) in control group, and there was significant difference between two groups, χ2=34.74,P<0.01. Conclusions The tabular condition evaluation method can early identify the children with severe hand, foot and mouth disease and give early intervention, reduce the incidence of severe and critical cases, and reduce the complications.

Eliminating Phlegm and Stopping Cough by Kujyukekuan Mixtures and Its Acute Toxicity / 医药导报

Objective To study the relieving cough and reducing phlegm effects and acute toxicity of the Kujyukekuan mixtures. Methods The method used in our study is a cough model induced by the ammonia water , the phenol red test in mice, the mouse pinna swelling model induced by xylene and the maximum tolerant dose experiment. Results In antitussive experiments, R value of Kujyukekuan mixtures at low, medium and high dose of was 112. 26%, 143. 29%, 162. 07%, respectively regarding as ineffective, effective and marked effective;Kujyukekuan mixtures at medium and high doses increased the excretion of phenolsulfonphthalein in the trachea of mice (compared with the normal control group, P<0. 05 or P<0. 01),the results showed good concentration-response relationship;Kujyukekuan mixtures at low, medium and high dose significantly reduced mouse auricle swelling caused by xylene (compared with normal control group, P<0. 01), the results presented a good concentration-response relationship;the MTD of Kujyukekuan mixture was 326. 76 g·kg-1. Conclusion Kujyukekuan mixtures at medium and high doses exert significant eliminating cough and phlegm effects and strong anti-inflammatory property, and has a good security.

Analysis of mite-allergic characteristics in patients with allergic rhinitis / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the characteristics of allergic rhinitis sensitized with mite, providing the evidence for the treatment plan of allergic rhinitis in Tianjin area.@*METHOD@#The medical records of skin prick test results on 2390 allergic rhinitis patients from March 2009 to February 2012 were retrospectively studied. The data of mite sensitivity in gender, age, season, and regional differences were analyzed.@*RESULT@#There was no significant difference of the positive rate of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae between male and female (P > 0. 05); The positive rate of dust mite decreased gradually with the growth of the age in the three groups of 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#There were some relationship of the positive rate of dust mite with age and season, but not gender and region among allergic rhinitis in tianjin.

Survey on the distribution of common allergens responsible for cases with allergic rhinitis in Tianjin district / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the distribution of common allergens responsible for cases with allergic rhinitis in Tianjin district.@*METHOD@#A total of 676 cases who are diagnosed with allergic rhinitis in Tianjin district, underwent a skin prick tests with 23 kinds of inhaling allergens and 20 kinds of ingestive ones. The samples were stratified on four age group. Then, an analysis was made to determine the distributive characteristics of allergens responsible for difference groups.@*RESULT@#Among the surveyed local 676 cases with allergic rhinitis, higher positive rates was all inhaling group of allergens.@*CONCLUSION@#It is concluded that the mostly responsible common allergens for attacks of allergic rhinitis among local cases in Tianjin district are mites, flowers pollen in inhaling group of allergens.

The examination of the reliability and validity of the job burnout scale for military personnel / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To develop the job burnout scale for military personnel and examine the reliability and validity of this scale. Methods A total of 1000 military personnels were chosen by random cluster sampling to outline the Job Burnout Scale for Military Personnel, with the subjects divided into group A and group B, 280 of them were tested by this scale and Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory simultaneously (CMBI), In group A ( n=500 ) Exploratory Factor analysis and Correlation analysis were used, and in group B ( n = 500) Confirmatory factor analysis was used. Results The results of correlation analysis indicated that the Cronbach'α of total scale was 0.917, and that of subscales was 0.719 ～ 0.847; split-half reliability coefficient of total scale was 0.920, and that of subscales was 0.723 ～ 0.867. The correlation coefficient of total scale scores and each factor was 0.731 ～ 0.808 (P＜0.01 ) ,and the correlation coefficient ranged from 0.386 to 0.627 between the factors(P ＜ 0.01 ). According to the results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, the sample data fitted better to the hypothesized structure of theoretical model ( Sense of achievement, Somatization, Self-assessment, Human relation, Demotivation) and the indexes of Chi-Square was 771. 914, the degrees of freedom was 395, the probability level was 0.000, the relative Chi-Square was 1.954, the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) was 0.044, and the goodness of fit index ( GFI ), comparative fit index ( CFI ), incremental fit index ( IFI ) were 0.904,0.919, 0.920 respectively. The correlation was significant between this scale and CMBI. Conclusion The Job Burnout Scale for Military Personnel has good reliability and validity.

Objective evaluation of nasal ventilation function in healthy adults in Tianjin area / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To establish reference values of acoustic rhinometry, rhinomanometry and rhinospirometer in healthy adults in Tianjin area, analyze the effects of age,sex and side on the value, investigate the correlation of the measure values, offer the diagnosis date for test nasal ventilation function in Tianjin area.@*METHOD@#Four hundred and sixty-six healthy adults in Tianjin area were tested. A1 acoustic rhinometry was used to measure the minimum cross-sectional area (MCA), distance of the minimal cross-sectional area to the nostril (DCAN) and the nasal volume from 0-5 cm, 2-5 cm (V5, V2-5); At 150 Pa, 75 Pa and broms, NR6 Rhinomanometry was used to measure unilateral nasal inspiratory resistance (IR)and expiratory resistance (ER), bilateral nasal inspiratory and expiratory resistance (TIR and TER), and differences of the bilateral nasal resistance can be calculated; NV1 Rhinospirometer was used to measure unilateral inspiratory capacity (IC) and expiration capacity (EC), and the nasal partitioning ratio (NPR) can be calculated. Practical measure the distance of nostril to ahead of the inferior turbinate and compare with DCAN. Make the correlational analysis on different index of three exam.@*RESULT@#Reference values of acoustic rhinometry: MCA was (0.45 +/- 0. 16) cm2 for male, (0.44 +/- 0.16) cm2 for female; V2-5 was (3.52 +/- 1.38) cm3 for male, (3.36 +/- 1.22) cm3 for female, V5 was (5.10 +/- 1.47) cm3 for male, (4.86 +/- 1.12) cm3 for female; DCAN have two distance, (2.22 +/- 0.398, 0.53 +/- 0.625) cm was for male, (2.10 +/- 0.37, 0.67 +/- 0.15) cm was for female. No significant gender, side and age differences were shown in MCA, V5, V2-5. Significant gender differences were shown in DCAN but no side and age differences. Reference values of rhinomanometry: Significant gender but no side and age differences were shown in IR, ER, TIR, TER. Reference values of rhinospirometer: IC was (2.06 +/- 1.10) L/20 s for male, (1.37 +/- 0.34) L/20 s for female, EC was (2.15 +/- 1.23) L/20 s for male (1.39 +/- 0.58) L/20 s for female. NPRi was 0.11 [0.05, 0.23],NPRe was 0.11 [0.05, 0.19]. Significant gender but no side and age differences were shown in IC and EC. No gender and age differences were shown in NPRi and NPRe. There was significant correlation found between MCA and IR/ER/IC/EC, IR and IC, ER and EC, Rlr and NPRi/ NPRe.@*CONCLUSION@#Acoustic rhinometry,rhinomanometry and rhinospirometer can be useful reference values to evaluate nasal ventilation function, more value will be found if use the three together.

The long-term morphology of the nasal cavity after total laryngectomy / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the long-term effect of nasal airflow deprivation on nasal dimensions after total laryngectomy.@*METHOD@#Thirty-two patients with total laryngectomy were enrolled in the study. Acoustic rhinometry was used to measure the minimum cross-sectional area (MCSA) and the volume of the nasal cavity after laryngectomy, compared with the normal control group. In addition, patients underwent endoscopic nasal examinations and answered questionnaires postoperatively, symptoms between the different levels to compare the results of acoustic rhinometry.@*RESULT@#At both within 1-year and more than 1-year follow-ups, the mean MCSAs and the mean nasal volumes were significantly expanded than the control values (P 0.05). The endoscopic examinations revealed only a deterioration in the appearance of the nasal mucosa over the long term. Survey showed that the postoperative patients had varying degrees of nasal obstruction flu, nose dry, hyposmia, etc. The nasal MCSA, nasal cavity volume was of the largest when moderate nasal obstruction flu,or severe dry nose or severe hyposmia.@*CONCLUSION@#The structure was atrophic nasal change, the nasal MCSA, nasal cavity volume were larger, the results of acoustic rhinometry was different among the varying degrees of symptoms after total laryngectomy.

A new eudesmane sesquiterpene lactone from Curcuma wenyujin / 药学学报

The aim of the study was to investigate the sesquiterpene constituents from the rhizomes of Curcuma wenyujin Y．H．Chen et C．Ling．The isolation and purification of the constituents from the 50％ EtOH extracts of the rhizomes were performed with repeated column chromatography over sillica gel and macroporous resin．Eight sesquiterpenes were obtained and identified as wenyujinlactone A(1),neolitamone A(2),zedoarondiol(3),isozedoarondiol(4),aerugidiol(5),curcumol (6),curdione(7) and (1R,10R)-epoxy-(-)-1,10-dihydrocurdine (8) by means of spectral analysis．Among them,compound 1 was found to be a new eudesmane sesquiterpene lactone,whilst compounds 2-5 were obtained from this plant for the first time．